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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*burkyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wrinkledface="Times New Roman Star"ñìîðùåííûéface="Times New Roman Star"burqyface="Times New Roman Star"burqy, burqyg| 'wrinkle'


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 360.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"gmeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"gum (of tooth)face="Times New Roman Star"äåñíà









face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|meface="Times New Roman Star"ko"gbe (Mat.), ko"ge (Kond.)
















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gekir-dekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"throat, trachea, cartilageface="Times New Roman Star"ãëîòêà, òðàõåÿ, õðÿù

face="Times New Roman Star"gegirtlek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kikerta"k (ÊÑÒÒ)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdakface="Times New Roman Star"keki(r)da"k

face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdek



face="Times New Roman Star"kagúr



face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek
face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdevikface="Times New Roman Star"kigerla"k (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"kegirdek

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, ÝÑÒß 5, 26, Ëåêñèêà 232. In many languages the word was influenced by the verb *ge:kir- 'to belch'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:.sykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"groinface="Times New Roman Star"ïàõface="Times New Roman Star"qasyg| (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kasykface="Times New Roman Star"qasyqface="Times New Roman Star"qasyq (IM, R - Vam.)


face="Times New Roman Star"GasyGface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:syq



face="Times New Roman Star"xyza






face="Times New Roman Star"qat|yq (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 239, EDT 666, ÝÑÒß 5, 331-332, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kun-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to rob, plunder, attackface="Times New Roman Star"ãðàáèòü, íàïàäàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qun- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qun- (MK)




face="Times New Roman Star"q`un-
face="Times New Roman Star"Gunus?- (dial.)






face="Times New Roman Star"xuna:-
face="Times New Roman Star"qun-








face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 141, VEWT 300, EDT 632.
face="Times New Roman Star"*busface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"steam, fogface="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"pus
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (Ettuhf., CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"pus

face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s

face="Times New Roman Star"busface="Times New Roman Star"bus

face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"bot|




face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 370, ÝÑÒß 2, 277, Ëåêñèêà 34. Turk. > Russ. dial. bus 'drizzle, flour dust', see Àíèêèí 146.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"lu"k / *julukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"juiceface="Times New Roman Star"ñîê











face="Times New Roman Star"juluq, d/uluq, ju"lu"k



face="Times New Roman Star"c?uluq










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 212, EDT 927-928, ÝÑÒß 4, 266, Ëåêñèêà 263-264. The root should be distinguished both from *jilik and from *julyn| (v. sub *la\le\, *dilu), although all three tend to contaminate.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to peel off (skin), to skinface="Times New Roman Star"ñäèðàòü (øêóðó)
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-





face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-













face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 261.
face="Times New Roman Star"*en|seface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"back of the neckface="Times New Roman Star"çàäíÿÿ ÷àñòü øåè

face="Times New Roman Star"ense
face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, a"n|sa" (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"ensa"


face="Times New Roman Star"jen|se

face="Times New Roman Star"en|ze
face="Times New Roman Star"@nze, j@nze



face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|se

face="Times New Roman Star"jensa"face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, enseface="Times New Roman Star"en|se
face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 190-191, Åãîðîâ 65, Ëåêñèêà 237-238.
face="Times New Roman Star"*july-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to pillage, attack 2 thief, scoundrelface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðàáèòü, íàïàäàòü 2 âîð, áðîäÿãà, ãîëîäðàíåöface="Times New Roman Star"july- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"july- (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jolqys? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us (Sag.), c?ulg|as (Koib., Kach.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us? 2




face="Times New Roman Star"c?ul- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ulu-s?- 'to fight (of women)'

face="Times New Roman Star"jolqos? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919. Should be separated from *jol- 'pick out' (v. sub *n/o>\lo).
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to split, tear apartface="Times New Roman Star"ðàçäåëÿòü, ðàñïàðûâàòü, ðàçäèðàòüface="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (AH, IM, Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"so.k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-



face="Times New Roman Star"so"`k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 819, ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*usface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mind, reason 2 way of using smth.face="Times New Roman Star"1 óì, ðàññóäîê 2 ñïîñîá èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ÷åãî-ë.face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2 (MK), us 1 (MK - Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"us 1
face="Times New Roman Star"us 1 (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"os 1, os- 'to think'



face="Times New Roman Star"úw|s 1









face="Times New Roman Star"us 1


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 240, 245, ÝÑÒß 1, 606-607.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dym-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to be silent 2 silentlyface="Times New Roman Star"1 óìîëêàòü 2 ìîë÷à


face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|-ko"s? 'silent person' (ÊÑÒÒ)face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 1 (Áóä. - Êàëüê. ñë., MKypch. - Ettuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"dym- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tymyl- 1, tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tym- 1, tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamal- 2 (with aberrant vocalism)



face="Times New Roman Star"tim, tym 2face="Times New Roman Star"tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dym- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tym 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, ÝÑÒß 3, 340-341.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Abuc?-kaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 husband, old man 2 foster-mother 3 elder sister 4 uncleface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóæ, ñòàðèê 2 êîðìèëèöà 3 ñòàðøàÿ ñåñòðà 4 äÿäÿface="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a, abuc?g|a 1, abuc?qa 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"abus? 3 dial.face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, awucqa 1 dial. (Sib.)face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, avus?qa 4 (Abush., Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"apsax, apc?ax, Koib. abysqa 1face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yj 1, aps?aq 'bear'face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yjaq 1; 'bear'
face="Times New Roman Star"obas?ka

face="Times New Roman Star"as?aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"as?yn/aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1 dial.
face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 60-61, EDT 6, Åãîðîâ 274-275, Ôåäîòîâ II 282, Àíèêèí 72. Chuv. is not quite regular and may be an early loanword from Tat. Formally the Turk. word may be derived from *aba 'elder in the mother's line' (+ dimin. -c?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ba:kanaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sheep skin 2 lamb 3 babyface="Times New Roman Star"1 îâå÷üÿ øêóðà 2 ÿãíåíîê 3 ðåáåíîê

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|an 1, (dial.) bag|alak, bag|nak 1, bag|ana 3
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (R)face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (Khor.)

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1








face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan, bag|ylan 'lamb that has stopped suckling', bag|yldyr 'wild lamb, 1-year-old mountain goat'face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 2




face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan 'a well-fed early lamb'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 55, Ëåêñèêà 390. The Kypchak form bag|lan 'lamb' has hardly anything to do with Tat., Kaz. baqlan 'cormorant' (despite TMN 2, 298, Àíèêèí 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ormanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"forestface="Times New Roman Star"ëåñface="Times New Roman Star"orman (OUygh. late)
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.rman


face="Times New Roman Star"ormon (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rman



face="Times New Roman Star"ormonface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"orma"nface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 371, ÝÑÒß 1, 472-473.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of plant or treeface="Times New Roman Star"âèä äåðåâà èëè ðàñòåíèÿ








face="Times New Roman Star"bo:rz?|aq 'ýôåäðà'

face="Times New Roman Star"borsuq 'yew'

face="Times New Roman Star"boru: 'õâîù'


face="Times New Roman Star"boruq 'small reed'









face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)ar-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 house 2 home, householdface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîñòðîéêà, çäàíèå 2 äîì, èìóùåñòâîface="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bark 2
face="Times New Roman Star"barq 2 (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bary 'fence'


















face="Times New Roman Star"baru 'fence'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359-360, VEWT 63, 66, ÝÑÒß II 62. Bark is traditionally linked with ba:r 'there is', bary 'belongings', but cf. the Az. word which can be hardly explained in this way.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pay respectface="Times New Roman Star"îòíîñèòüñÿ óâàæèòåëüíîface="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (Yenis., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr-






face="Times New Roman Star"xaj-





face="Times New Roman Star"xaj de:r 'to still, pacify'
face="Times New Roman Star"qajys?-face="Times New Roman Star"qajys-







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 674, ÝÑÒß 5, 194.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)a:(j)natface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"flap (of door), wall (of yurt)face="Times New Roman Star"ñòâîðêà (äâåðè), ñòåíà (þðòû)

face="Times New Roman Star"kanat
face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qe|no|t

face="Times New Roman Star"Ganatface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:nat (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"xanat
face="Times New Roman Star"qanat
face="Times New Roman Star"s/onat 'êàðíèç, çàñòðåõà'



face="Times New Roman Star"qanatface="Times New Roman Star"qanat




face="Times New Roman Star"qanat

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 252-253, Ëåêñèêà 504, Àøì. XII, 246. The root should be kept distinct from *Ka:jnat 'wing'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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